For that endpoint, I've always used the parameter includeAllDetails=true, instead of the parts that documentation mentions. However, that endpoint doesn't return columns or Beast Modes. For columns, use this endpoint: api/query/v1/datasources/<dataset_id>/schema/indexed?includeHidden=true. For Beast Modes, use this endpoint: api/query/v1/functions/search as a POST request with the following body:

{
    "name": "",
    "filters": [
        {
            "field": "dataset",
            "idList": [
                "<dataset_id>"
            ]
        },
        {
            "field": "notvariable"
        }
    ],
    "sort": {
        "field": "name",
        "ascending": true
    },
    "limit": 5000,
    "offset": 0
}